If a constant force of lets say, magnitude F, acts on a point that moves direction S, in the same direction of the force, then the work is simply the force multiplied by the distance S.

Work = Force x Distance

A the work is done, energy leaves the source and ends up elsewhere, this is what is meant by energy transfer. The energy transfer from a source is equal to the amount of work done.

Demonstrate understanding that an object may have energy due to its motion (kinetic energy, K.E.) or its position (potential energy, P.E.) and that energy may be transferred and stored

If an object is in motion, it has kinetic energy - the faster the object moves, the greater its kinetic energy.

Another type of energy is potential energy. In this case, energy is stored due to the object's position in a gravitational field.

The law states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant - it is said to be conserved over time. This means that energy cannot be created or destroyed - only converted from one form to another.

Energy can also be transferred from one object to another.

Objects in motion have kinetic energy. The faster the motion, the greater the kinetic energy. Examples include vehicles, moving your hand, kicking the ball, the earth orbiting the sun, vibrating atoms, etc.

The energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational field. Examples include: the energy of a book on a shelf, the energy of a person sitting on a swing at the exact moment that the swing reaches its highest point. the energy of a stationary cyclist at the top go a hill, etc.

The potential energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. Different bonds have different amounts of chemical energy. When a bond breaks, it releases the chemical energy as heat energy, and when bonds form, heat energy is taken away from the surroundings and stored as chemical energy. That's why there are changes in temperature during a chemical reaction. If more hat energy is released than used, the reaction besoms exothermic, and if more heat energy is used in the formation of bonds than the heat released in the breaking of bonds, then the reaction is endothermic.

The energy stored in an elastic body due to deformation. For example, when you compress a spring, the energy you use to compress it is stored in the spring as strain energy. Therefore, strain energy is also a form of potential energy. When you let go, the spring can resume its normal shape by converting its strain energy to kinetic energy. Other examples include the stretching of a rubber band, the use of an elastic in slingshots, etc.

The energy released during nuclear fission or fusion. Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large nucleus to form two or more similar nuclei. It is normally achieved by firing an accelerated neutron at a large nucleus. Nucleus fission is how energy is produced in nuclear power plants. Nuclear fusion is when two very light nuclei combine to make a larger nucleus. It is much harder to achieve than fission because it requires a lot of energy to overcome the repulsion between the two highly positive nuclei.

Light is energy. It's the only kind of energy we can see, although there are certain types of light that aren't visible to the naked human eye. Everything on electromagnetic spectrum is considered light. Light energy can be created from heat, kinetic energy, even chemical energy, etc. It is created due to disturbances in the electric and magnetic fields.

Sound is the movement of energy through the vibration of matter in longitudinal waves. Longitudinal waves are waves in which the vibrations occur in the same direction as the movement of energy and this energy is sound energy. Hitting a drum causes its surface to vibrate. This causes waves of vibration to travel through the air. These waves carry energy and this energy is sound energy.

'm' is the mass of the object, measured in kg.

'v' is the velocity of the object, measured in m/s.

'g' is the acceleration of free fall - i.e. the acceleration of an object as it falls freely in Earth's gravity. This is the same for all objects as gravity does the same amount of work on every ingle object, no matter its mass. In real life, any difference in how fast different objects fall is caused by air resistance. The approximate value of g is 10 m/s².

'h' is the height of the object above the base level. In most cases, the base level is taken to be the ground. However, sometimes, the base level may be taken as a shelf so the P.E. of any object on the shell will be OJ, so the P.E. of any objects below the shelf will be negative and the P.E. of any objects one the shelf will be positive.

You will need to use these two formulas to calculate K.E. and P.E. or in some cases, to calculate m, v, g or h if you have other values.

Some objects are hotter than others. Energy is transferred from the hotter object to the cooler one, and the difference in temperature between them decreases.

Energy can be transferred mechanically through the movement of the parts in machines, and when the motion or position of an object changes. Sound waves and seismic waves are mechanical waves that transfer energy through materials and from place to place.

Energy is transferred when an electrical circuit is complete. A simple circuit may consist of a battery, lamp and wires. Internal energy stored in the battery is transferred to moving charged particles in the wire.

Visible light, infrared light, microwaves and radio waves are forms of radiation. They are carried by waves. Electric lamps and burning fuels transfer visible and infrared light to the surroundings.

The conservation of energy principle: energy cannot be created or destroyed, when work is done, energy is changed from one form to another. The most everyday example of this is when we move, our cells turn chemical energy (in glucose bonds) into thermal and kinetic energy.

For example, if 100J of energy goes into a lamp and 75J of light energy comes out, the efficiency of the lamp is 75%.

Power is a rate at which work is done, or energy is used. It is equal to the amount of work done divided by the time it takes to do the work.